Analysis Of John Knowless Ode To Jealousy - 1405 Words

Everyone experiences jealousy at some point of their life. As discussed in Parul Sehgals TED Talk titled, â€Å"Ode to Jealousy,† one can become jealous of a material subject such as grades, or clothing. Humans could also become jealous of someone’s relationship or the relationship of their own, such as what Hara Marano talks about in her article â€Å"Jealousy: Loves Destroyer.† This so-called â€Å"Green-Eyed Monster† seems to come when it pleases, but never seems to leave without a trace. Jealousy makes us do pretty crazy and bizarre things, such as the situation with Gene and Finny, two 16 year-old boys that are the main characters in the book A Separate Peace written by John Knowles. While it may seem that jealousy comes and goes, the Green-Eyed†¦show more content†¦Gene states, â€Å"He had never been jealous of me for a second. [...] I was not of the same quality as he,† (Knowles 59). Jealousy takes Gene for a ride and causes many i ssues between the two boys. This also occurs in Sehgal’s story about her eight year-old self. In her story, she describes her elementary school rival as having, â€Å"vast quantities of very shiny hair and a cute little pencil case, super strong on state capitals, just a great speller† (Sehgal). Sehgal also stated that she, â€Å"just curdled with jealousy that year.† As an eight year old, she still felt the emotion of jealousy, and quite passionately. These two stories have been told or experienced by people under the age of 25. By that point in time, not many people under the age of 25 have really experienced life the fullest. You’ve only ever been in the safe place of your home of your school. Along with being very young and still experiencing jealousy, both stories consist of people having second thoughts or doubts on their abilities. Gene became jealous of the way Finny was able to easily play any sport he wanted and became exceptionally good at it. Gene undermined his academic strengths just because he was unable to play sports like Finny. Sehgal also seemed to have some insecurities about her academics and started a rivalry with the new girl. She became overly jealous on how perfect the new girl seemed and how she was so academically inclined.

Essay on With the setting of the sun - 1266 Words

With the setting of the sun In F. Scott Fitzgeralds novel, The Great Gatsby, there is a constant feeling of movement and the desire to get away. Nick, Gatsby, Wilson, Tom and Daisy all move, or have the intention of moving. Not only does this movement seem to foreshadow events in the book, but it also seems to lead to the conclusion that society as a whole in the 1920s was rather unstable and was undergoing constant change. Not all the characters move in the same way, and this shows how different their backgrounds and lifestyles are. The main movement seems to be from west to east. Throughout the decades man is said to be progressing through the steps of evolution and toward the setting sun, or east to west. The characters†¦show more content†¦Nick says, [h]e talked a lot about the past and I gathered that he wanted to recover something, some idea of himself perhaps, that had gone into loving Daisy. (117) This shows how time could never change his dream, and that Gatsby feels that if he talks about the past then he will be able to change the future for the better. The sun also stands for power and greatness, which made Jay Gatsby shine right through Jimmie Gatz. He starts of engulfed in darkness, as his dream does not exist. From there he seems to be obsessed with this reverie, and effectively kills off Jimmie Gatz and creates Jay Gatsby. This new personality is formed when the sun rises, bathing him in light. Jay Gatsby sprang from his Platonic conception of himself(104), and even with this change he still believed that the rock of the world was founded securely on a fairys wing.(105) This new light blinds the people that look at him, and covers up his old self. Although it covers him, some people like Mr. Sloane see him as Jimmie Gatz, and are disgusted by it. The first time Tom meets Gatsby is when he, Mr. Sloane and a young woman stop by his house while out riding. Gatsby tells Tom that he knows Daisy, to which Tom states later, I may be old fashioned in my ideas but women run around too much these days to suit me. They meet all kinds of crazy fish.(110) Slowly, as JayShow MoreRelatedThe Setting Sun Critical Analysis823 Words   |  4 PagesNext, The Setting Sun can also be analyzed with the Marxist literary lens. As we see in The Tale of Genji, the aristocratic class held the political and social power prior to the war and The Setting Sun heavily focuses on the socioeconomic fall of aristocracy after it. The title itself reflects this, as Japan is commonly known as the â€Å"land of the rising sun†. The Setting Sun is an allegory that the glory days of Japan have come to an end, specifically their ancient aristocracy. The comfortable bourgeoisieRead MoreSymbolism In Searching For Summer850 Words   |  4 PagesImagine living without the sun, the sun that gives off warmth and happiness for many people. 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For example, â€Å"We slowly drove—He knew no haste / †¦We passed the School †¦ / We passed the Setting Sun—,† sets a slow, quiet, calm, and dreamy atmosphere (5, 9, 11, 12). â€Å"One thing that impresses us,† one author wrote, â€Å"is the remarkable placidity, or composure, of its tone† (Greenberg 128). The tone in Dickinson’s poem will put its readers’ ideasRead MoreEssay on Emily Dickinsons Because I Could Not Stop for Death730 Words   |  3 Pagesslowly drove –He knew no Haste / †¦We passed the School †¦ / We passed the Setting Sun† (5,9,11,12), sets a slow, quiet, and clam atmosphere. The tone in Dickinson’s poem puts readers’ ideas on a track towards a boggling atmosphere. Dickinson’s poem lives on complex ideas that are evoked through symbols, which carry her readers through her poem. Besides the literal significance of –the â€Å"School,† â€Å"Gazing Grain,† â€Å"Setting Sun,† and the â€Å"Ring† –much is gathered to complete the poem’s central ideaRead MoreA Raisin Of The Sun By Lorraine Hansberry And Eveline968 Words   |  4 PagesFear can control peoples’ actions. This is demonstrated in two very different texts. One is titled A Raisin in the sun and the other is titled Eveline. A Raisin of the Sun is by Lorraine Hansberry and Eveline is by James Joyce. These works of literature were done at different times and by authors with very different backgrounds. A Raisin in the sun and Eveline have the same story line, but uses different styles of writing, elements, and outcomes to express the significance of the character’s behaviorRead MoreDeath Of Death By Emily Dickinson932 Wor ds   |  4 Pageslife to perfectionalize her writing. It was during this period of isolation that Dickinson wrote some of her greatest work, for instance â€Å" Because I Could Not Stop For Death† published in 1890 after her death. Personification, symbols, and the setting are use to illustrate and maintain the strong theme of death through the poem. Death is given human characteristics. Dickinson personifies death as a suitor who is kind and polite. He goes out of his way to take the poet on a carriage ride. SheRead MoreMu2.8 Contribute to the Support of the Positive Environments for Children and Young People906 Words   |  4 PagesMU2.8 Contribute to the support of the positive environments for children and young people 3.1 Explain how to effectively care for children and young people’s skin, hair and teeth In every setting it is essential that children’s learning curriculum for personal care covers their skin, hair, teeth and overall personal hygiene. When teaching about skin, children and young people should be encouraged to wash their hands after using the toilet or before eating. We should also encourage them to washRead MoreLesson 1 Lab Essay1272 Words   |  6 Pagesï » ¿1. (10 points) Write out your pre-lab prediction, including what evidence or previous knowledge you have to support that prediction. --Answer below: Things rising and setting give the appearance of something rising or setting. In reality objects like the Sun or Moon arent physically rising from the horizon. Most of the motions we see in the sky are caused by the Earths motion, both its rotation and orbital motion. So all of the motions described below are really apparent motions and not

Classification of Permanent Vegetative Patients as Dead

Question: Discuss about theClassification of Permanent Vegetative Patients as Dead. Answer: Introduction Some brain injured patients end up in a permanent vegetative state (PVS) meaning they irreversibly lose their consciousness but retain some physiological functions such as unaided breathing, thermal and cardiovascular regulation (Wade, 2001). With the advancement of technology and treatment procedures in the medical field, it is now possible to sustain patients in a permanent vegetative state. However, there exists a debate over the ontological state of persons PVS patients. Are PVS persons alive or dead? This paper explores the ethical and legal perspectives of patients in a permanent vegetative state and provides an argument for regarding PVS patients as dead. Moral Issues Regarding the Treatment of PVS Patients As far as the consciously based argument is concerned, death for people is the permanent loss of consciousness which occurs when parts of the brain responsible for consciousness are completely damaged (Jennet, 2002). The philosophical issues surrounding the interrelationship between patients in permanent vegetative state and death stem from the level of brain destruction. The Australian and New Zealand intensive care society (ANICS), defines death as the irreparable cessation of respiratory and circulatory functions or irreparable cessation of brain functions particularly irreversible damage to the brain stem (Dalton, 1999). Contrary to this, some bioethicists argue that the destruction of the cortex is criterial for death which means that PVS patients would be considered as dead. From a neurological point of view, there is extensive damage to the upper brain of a PVS patient while the brain stem remains intact. Regardless of the extent of damage to the brain, a majority of patients in a permanent vegetative state may not want their family members to deplete family resources while death is inevitable. The explanation of PVS as subjective death could be explained using the contemporary mainstream approach to death. Based on the current mainstream approach, death is considered as an irreversible damage and loss of consciousness to the entire brain which contradicts the PVS definition of death as permanent damage to the upper brain (Kastenbaum, 2000). The organismic definition of death states that death is the irreversible loss of functioning of an organism as a whole. The mainstream approach fails to completely adhere to the organismic concept in the sense that a complete brain damage does not constitute to the death of a person as a whole. Davis and Souza, (2009) argue that persons in a permanent vegetative state are occasionally awake and their bodies function normally but their lack of consciousness subjectively renders them dead. Thus, this discredits the whole-brain approach as relevant criteria for death of a person paving way for PVS as a suitable criterion for death. Laine, (2006) elucidates that although breathing and heartbeat typically point to life, they do not constitute life. (Laine) further, explains that life involves cohesive functioning of a whole organism. According to the higher-brain line of reasoning, human death is the irreversible cessation of the capacity for consciousness (Truog, 2007). The capacity for consciousness dictates that presences of neurological activity encompassing persons in a reversible coma or a dreamless sleep are alive. This suggests, somewhat fundamentally, that PVS patients are categorized as dead in spite of continued brainstem function that permits unprompted cardiopulmonary function. The higher brain approach to death focuses on the essence of human beings in a stringent ontological sense. From this viewpoint, human beings are regarded as beings with a capacity for consciousness. Larriviere and Bonnie, (2006) explain that loss of consciousness for PVS patients translates into the loss of the important aspects of life thus death. The higher-brain approach further appeals to the personal identity of individuals. The personal identity strategy argues that being in a permanent vegetative state translates to a loss of consciousness that makes up an individuals uniqueness. The Legal Nature of PVS and its Impact on the Treatment of Patients Given the reservations, a growing legal consensus argues against maintaining patients in a permanent vegetative state. The legal argument of PSV in Australia and other countries dictates that a person in a persistent vegetative state has to create a living will to consent to any form of treatment in the event that they are victims of an incapacitating injury. Patients lack the ability to decide their fate while in a persistent vegetative state thus the form of treatment given to them considers their best interest (Bacon et al, 2007). The deliberation of PVS patients as being in a state of subjective death may be explained through court decisions made in previous cases of individuals in a permanent vegetative state. One such case that originates from England and Wales is the Airedale NHS Trust v Bland where the House of Lords consented to the fact that nasogastric hydration and nourishing could lawfully be withdrawn from a young individual in a permanent vegetative state (Jennet, 2005 ). This means that the court deemed it necessary to consider PVS patients as dead given the irreversible nature of the condition. In the US, the internationally recognized case of Terri Schiazo illustrates how the husband to a 39-year-old woman has the legal right to die. In the highly contentious case, most Florida courts continuously affirm Mr. Shiazos legal right to stop artificial nutrition and hydration to his wife (Quill, 2005). However, the supreme court of Florida contests the decision to use passive euthanasia which was done in the interest of individuals seeking political office (Sudore et al, 2008). A Study to Understand Prognoses and Preferences for Outcomes and risks of treatments (SUPPORT) conducted by John Horgan in 1995, reported substantial shortcomings in care for seriously ill hospitalized adults (Murphy and Cluff, 2004). The fact of the matter is Terri Schiazo exists without the possibility of ever recovering from the permanent vegetative state that she is in, thus the reason why passive euthanasia proves to be the only option. Conclusion There exists a lot of uncertainty regarding the recovery of a person in a persistent vegetative state thus the best course of action is to implement passive euthanasia by withdrawing artificial nutrition and hydration to the PVS patient. The irreversibility nature of PVS places and emotional and financial strain on the family members of victims, thus passive euthanasia relieves the suffering of both patients and family members. References Wade, D.T., 2001. Ethical issues in diagnosis and management of patients in the permanent vegetative state.British Medical Journal,322(7282), p.352. Jennett, B., 2002. The vegetative state.Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery Psychiatry,73(4), pp.355-357. Dalton, V., 1999. Death and dying in prison in Australia: national overview, 19801998.The Journal of Law, Medicine Ethics,27(3), pp.269-274. Kastenbaum, R. ed., 2000.The psychology of death. Springer Publishing Company. Davis, L. and Souza, K., 2009. Integrating occupational health with mainstream public health in Ma Laine, M., 2006. Still the kiss?of?death?: A personal reflection on encountering the mainstream paradigm as a PhD student.Social and Environmental Accountability Journal,26(2), pp.9-13.ssachusetts: An approach Truog, R.D., 2007. Brain death-too flawed to endure, too ingrained to abandon.JL Med. Ethics,35, p.273.to intervention.Public Health Reports, pp.5-14. Larriviere, D. and Bonnie, R.J., 2006. Terminating artificial nutrition and hydration in persistent vegetative state patients Current and proposed state laws.Neurology,66(11), pp.1624-1628. Bacon, D., Williams, M.A. and Gordon, J., 2007. Position statement on laws and regulations concerning life-sustaining treatment, including artificial nutrition and hydration, for patients lacking decision-making capacity.Neurology,68(14), pp.1097-1100. Quill, T.E., 2005. Terri Schiavoa tragedy compounded.New England Journal of Medicine,352(16), pp.1630-1633. Sudore, R.L., Landefeld, C.S., Pantilat, S.Z., Noyes, K.M. and Schillinger, D., 2008. Reach and impact of a mass media event among vulnerable patients: the Terri Schiavo story.Journal of general internal medicine,23(11), pp.1854-1857. Murphy, D.J. and Cluff, L., 2004. SUPPORT: Study to Understand Prognoses and Preferences for Outcomes and Risks of Treatments: study design.Journal of clinical epidemiology (ISSN 1878-5921,43.

Sexually Abused Children & Their Families-Free-Samples for Students

Question: Write a Literauture Review on Sexual Abuse. Introduction The human have been encountered traumatic events as well as catastrophic since the begging of time. Any sudden or unexpected catastrophic events lead to stress and distress which can lead to immediate or perhaps eventuality morality (Devries, Mak, Child, Falder, Bacchus, Astbury Watts, 2014). The direct of such events are relatively easy to identify. One such event which can be traumatic is the children sexual abuse. This has been a problem which has been occurring at an alarming rate in the society (Shore Conte, 2016). Most of the children may not disclose their abuse, with the reason which may vary from embarrassment, sense of normalization surrounding the abuse or perhaps the fear of consequences in case they disclose the abuse (Finkelhor, Shattuck, Turner Hamby, 2014). This issue has been prevalent in the society and statistics has shown that approximately eighty eight percent of the sexual abuse cases have never been reported. Globally it has been found that 19% female and 7. 9% of the male suffer from the child sexual abuse. Definition The child abuse continues to be identified as any sexual contact with the child by means of possibly usage of force, menace or maybe dishonesty to obtain the involvement of the child or even any sexual contact with the child who is incapable of consenting because of the age, differential in power or even disability (Furniss, 2013). Symptoms of sexual abuse When a child has been undergoing through abuse they may feel guilty, ashamed or perhaps confused. He or she may be afraid to talk about the abuse particularly if the abuser is the parent, family friend or the relative (Furniss, 2013). The children may have an apparent fear of their children, the care giver or family. It is important to what the following symptoms in the children; one of the sign is that there is withdrawal from the friends or even the actual activities which they are involved. Secondly, there is change in the behavior this could be associated with the aggression, anger, they become hostile or even hyperactivity or change in the performance in the school (Furniss, 2013). These individuals tend to become depressed, anxiety or unusual fears or the loss of self-confidence may crop in. there are also children who exhibits attempts at running away, and they become rebellious or have defiant behavior. There are some who have attempted suicide particularly the one who have b een raped. It is important to note that the signs and the symptoms depends on the kind of abuse and how it varied. Keep in mind that the warning signs are just signs and their presence does not mean that a child has been abused. In this research it is a literature review which will examine on the specialist area of trauma in counselling practice particularly in the sexual abuse of the children (Shore Conte, 2016). In this research it will consider theories which underpin as well as influence the development of the key ideas and the concepts which are involved particularly in the area of counseling on sexual abuse. Sexual abuse among children Everyone knows that the children pass through different phases of the growth as they grow. As they simply pass through these types of alterations their consciousness and curiosity in relation to sexual matters change since they pass from infancy into childhood after which go through puberty to the adolescence. Each child is an individual so they develop in their very own way. Nevertheless, there is certainly an acknowledged range of behavior that are partnered with the age of the child along with the developmental stage (Finkelhor, Shattuck, Turner Hamby, 2014). Occasionally it might include some exploration with the other children of the similar age. Occasionally it might be hard to tell the difference between the age suitable for sexual exploration and the warning signs of habits which are harmful. As a parent it is important to guide the children, so that they may be safe from the prey who may want to take advantage of their innocence. The global prevalence of the child sexual ab use highlight that most offenders of this act are well acquainted with the victims they abuse approximately thirty percent of most cases being done by the relatives of the children, 60% has been by the other acquaintances such as friends or the family (Heim, Mayberg, Mletzko, Nemeroff Pruessner, 2013). Based on the research it has shown that if the perpetrator is a relative or perhaps a close acquaintance the victims who have been sexually abused may not report on the offences, or in some situation they may likely disclose the abuse after a delay. Nonetheless, number of the present instances of the child sexual abuse has brought the issue of the attention and there are numerous painful stories which are happening in the society (Finkelhor, Shattuck, Turner Hamby, 2014). The scientist and the psychologists have cited that the social factors are the major causes of the increase of the sexual abuse of the children in most of the countries. Theories of the children sexual abuse Considering the magnitude of this abuse there are theories which have been developed in order to influence on the development of the key ideas particularly for the specialist who handles these trauma in counseling these victims. These theories have been are an important focus on some of the cost effective strategies (Shore Conte, 2016). It is also important to note that developing effective precautionary techniques involves a reasonable empirical base which is depending on the concepts that refers to the child sexual abuse. Without the specialist understanding on these theories it would be difficult in that they will focus more on the consequences of the sexual abuse rather than the causes. One of the theory is the integrated theory. In this theory it proposes that the sexual abuse occurs due to the interaction between the individual, ecosystem and the situational factors. This therefore, means that the child sexual abuse can never occur without the interaction between the biological, socio cultural, developmental or even the situational factors. According to this theory there should be interaction of these factors. The specialist in counseling needs to understand these factors to be able to understand on the causes of the abuse. The sexual abuse occurs as the consequences of a number of the variables which are interacting. The specialist is able to understand on these factors and how they have impacted upon the core neuropsychological functions which underpin on the actions of the human. When they understand on these aspect they are able to explain how the clinical symptoms which arises from the interaction between the neurological systems as well as the ecological fac tors such as the social and cultural environment. The other significant theory to understand is the biological theory. In this theory the theorist have explained on the organic explanations of the behavior of the humans. The biological theorist they have assumed that the physiological factors such as the hormones levels which are the androgens as well as the genetic makeup they have an impact on the behavior of the individuals. Based on the research it has been found that the Androgen hormone increases on the sexuality as well as ejaculation which regulates on aggression, emotion, cognition as well as the personality. The researchers have suggested that there is a relationship which arises from aggression and the high testo sterone levels. According to the biological theories in regards to deviant sexual conduct they often are relevant to rape because it is regarded as an act of the aggression , and researcher have lengthy hypothesized that you will find correlation between hostility and increased levels of testosterone . The biolog ical theories generally concentrate on the deviant sexual behavior especially that is related to the role of the androgens along with the androgen discharging hormones that is associated with the physical changes in the male stages (Mrazek Kempe, 2014). This theory is beneficial to the professional to explain on the onset of the deviant sexual desires in addition to behavior of people especially on exactly why they might participate in sexual abuse. Additionally, this owns to the heterogeneity of these person of such abuses and intricate nature of the behavior. This theory adequately describes on the motivating elements which leads the adult male to have the sexual relations particularly with the children (Heim, Mayberg, Mletzko, Nemeroff Pruessner, 2013). Moreover, it highlights the sustaining aspects which could perhaps contribute to continuance of these relations. Understanding of the etiology of this theory and maintenance of the sexual offending is significant to be able to i mplement on the policies which are appropriate for the sexual offenders and for the specialist to provide help to the victim of abuse when there are in counseling. The next relevant theory is the psychodynamic theory which explains that the sexual variant is basically the psychodynamic philosophy which explains that the sexual deviation has been manifestation of the unsettled difficulties that are experienced in the stages of the development. The human psyche comprises of 3 primary aspects that are id, ego along with the superego stages (Mrazek Kempe, 2014). Depending on this theory the sexual deviance generally happens when the id has been overactive. Based on Freud who proposed on the theory he viewed the sexual deviance as the expression of the unresolved issues which are experienced during the growth stages (Mrazek Kempe, 2014). The unresolved issues were initially brought by the fixations or maybe the hindrances in the course of the stages of the development, with the consequent distortion of the sexual aim (Levine, 2014). The psychodynamic theory portrays that the human psyche is within regular struggle with regards to fulfilment of the primal desires of the id and moral influence of the superego. The child sexual abuse is a traumatic childhood events that has a negative consequences increase when it comes to increase of the severity of abuse. Some of the disorder it may cause include the panic disorder, the anxiety, anger, depression, low self-esteem as well as the post-traumatic stress disorders. Majority of the countries globally consider the child sexual abuse as an offensive act (Levine, 2014). Nonetheless, there are some countries which conceal these acts and they often do not talk about these issue in the society, which includes the victim themselves. Relevant ways of working with the specialist in child sexual abuse cases For the people of the sexual abuse, dealing with on their rage along with the hatred is easily the most essential thing for almost any specialist. Most of these person convey a powerful feelings of hatred when the offender or the parent who could not notice the ordeal and also did not protect them (Levine, 2014). The hate could be projected specially when the victims feels they are hated by everybody. The sexual molestation associated with the child violates on almost all their physical along with the psychological development (Heim, Mayberg, Mletzko, Nemeroff Pruessner, 2013). The sex becomes linked to the violence, guilt in addition to experiences in the depth of shame because they were sexually excited by the offenders. Considering on the sensitivity of the burden of the children sexual abuse an integrated approach which focus on the parents, and the medical professionals could be proposed (Kloess, Hamilton-Giachritsis Beech, 2017). The case specific involves the specialists on reading on the relevant case papers in advance and then applying the concepts such as the theories to know the cause and rather not the consequence which lead the offender commit the abuse. As a specialist the most methodical as well as deliberate tactic of participating the victim could be sex that entails a process of the initially introduce the victim to the concept of the sex after which they might steadily employ them in the sexual activity. Client safety involved in the area of the specialist There are safety guidelines which are involved in the area of the specialist particularly when a victim seeks help from them. The initial step would be to provide a safety place for the client. It is often in the perceived safe environment that those individuals who have been exposed to the dangers may let down on their guard as well as experiences of the introspection and the connection (Heim, Mayberg, Mletzko, Nemeroff Pruessner, 2013). The childhood trauma as well as abuse particularly at their core is all about feeling unsafe. There is need for a framework of the physical as well as emotional which is important. Most individuals who have been abused need to regain on their sense of feeling safe. There is need for the specialist to build trust through relationship with the victim who have experienced trauma more so during their childhood. Individuals who have been hurt in the interpersonal relationships have acquired a range of ways to guard them against the future harm (Levine, 2014). The specialists or the professionals need to check periodically with the clients about all their experiences of the therapeutic relationship which could help them to identify on the issues of the mistrust (Kloess, Hamilton-Giachritsis Beech, 2017). Building of trust between the client as well as the therapist is prerequisite in order to address on the traumatic memories which they have encountered previously. It will involve helping the client in order to loosen on the defence which they have used over the years in dealing with the trauma (Prez-Fuentes, Olfson, Villegas, Morcillo, Wang Blanco, 2013). Another safety measure would be to ensure that there is empowerment and the collaboration. According to Saakvinte (2000) highlights that stress collaboration as well as empowerment are the key when it comes to working effectively with the survivors who were offended. This will enable the victims participate actively in the treatment in counseling and help them have control over their decisions which affect them. Interventions are crucial when they have been developed collaboratively (Ullman, Peter-Hagene Relyea, 2014). This may be difficult particularly when working with the clients who at the risk of harm, especially the children who want to commit suicide because of the ordeal they encountered (Pipe, Lamb, Orbach Cederborg, 2013). The specialists needs to recognize the competence of the survivors to enable them make decisions and be able to develop solution (Miner, Swinburne Romine, Robinson, Berg Knight, 2016). Additionally, there is need to communicate and sustain hope and respect. It is important to communicate as well as sustain hope and respect when working with the children who have had trauma and abuse. Hope comes when the specialist serves as the trustees of these children future possibilities (Miner, Swinburne, Robinson, Berg Knight, 2016). It is the actions, as well as the body language which communicate hope to them. It is important to em pathize with the victim of the sexual abuse on their hurt and the despair, and be able to hold onto their visions of the future. References Devries, K. M., Mak, J. Y., Child, J. C., Falder, G., Bacchus, L. J., Astbury, J., Watts, C. H.(2014). Childhood sexual abuse and suicidal behavior: a meta-analysis. Pediatrics, peds-2013. Finkelhor, D., Shattuck, A., Turner, H. A., Hamby, S. L. (2014). The lifetime prevalence of child sexual abuse and sexual assault assessed in late adolescence. Journal of Adolescent Health, 55(3), 329-333. Furniss, T. (2013). The multiprofessional handbook of child sexual abuse: Integrated management, therapy, and legal intervention. routledge. Heim, C. M., Mayberg, H. S., Mletzko, T., Nemeroff, C. B., Pruessner, J. C. (2013). Decreased cortical representation of genital somatosensory field after childhood sexual abuse. American Journal of Psychiatry, 170(6), 616-623. Kloess, J. A., Hamilton-Giachritsis, C. E., Beech, A. R. (2017). Offense processes of onlinesexual grooming and abuse of children via internet communication platforms. Sexual Abuse, 1079063217720927. Levine, H. B. (2014). Adult analysis and childhood sexual abuse. Routledge. Miner, M. H., Swinburne Romine, R., Robinson, B. B. E., Berg, D., Knight, R. A. (2016). Anxious attachment, social isolation, and indicators of sex drive and compulsivity: Predictors of child sexual abuse perpetration in adolescent males?. Sexual Abuse, 28(2),132-153. Mrazek, P. B., Kempe, C. H. (Eds.). (2014). Sexually Abused Children Their Families. Elsevier. Prez-Fuentes, G., Olfson, M., Villegas, L., Morcillo, C., Wang, S., Blanco, C. (2013). Prevalence and correlates of child sexual abuse: a national study. Comprehensive psychiatry, 54(1), 16-27. Pipe, M. E., Lamb, M. E., Orbach, Y., Cederborg, A. C. (Eds.). (2013). Child sexual abuse: Disclosure, delay, and denial. Psychology Press. Shore, D. A., Conte, J. (2016). Social work and child sexual abuse. Routledge. Smallbone, S., Marshall, W. L., Wortley, R. (2013). Preventing child sexual abuse: Evidence, policy and practice. Willan. Ullman, S. E., Peter-Hagene, L. C., Relyea, M. (2014). Coping, emotion regulation, and self-blame as mediators of sexual abuse and psychological symptoms in adult sexual assault. Journal of child sexual abuse, 23(1), 74-93.

Everyday Use Heritage free essay sample

Almost all ethnicities preserve culture, heritage and or tradition that they cherish and pass down to the next generation. Heritage and tradition can be expressed in any form the ethnicity chooses to use Some cultures use food as a way to express. For instance, in my Arabian culture, we like to cook mostly with grains. A popular grain dish is couscous. It consists of grains made from semolina. Just as food is a big part of culture and heritage, it is not limited solely to food.Most cultures use objects to symbolize what their culture represents. In African American culture, the arts, literature, agricultural skills, food, music, language, and clothing styles have been contributed and passed down to the descendants by the first generation African Americans that came to America. For many years language has been passed down and has evolved in the form known to Americans today as Ebonies. Music is another form of culture which has continued to exist through what society knows as rap, hip hop, and rhythm blues. We will write a custom essay sample on Everyday Use: Heritage or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Another big part of African American culture is food. The cultivation and use of many agricultural products In the United States such as yams, aunts, rice, okra, sorghum, grits, watermelon, Indigo dyes, and cotton, which can be traced to African influences. African American foods reflect creative responses to racial and economic oppression. Under slavery, African Americans were not allowed to eat better cuts of meat, and after Emancipation many often were too poor to afford the better cuts.Soul food, a hearty cuisine commonly associated with African Americans in the South, but also common among blacks nationwide, makes creative use of Inexpensive products procured through farming and subsistence hunting and gushing. Pig Intestines are boiled and sometimes battered and fried to make chitterlings. or chitins_ Many of these food traditions are especially predominant in many parts of the rural South. One main problem with heritage is that it can be easily forgotten or misused.In Alice Walkers short story, Everyday use the importance of heritage is depicted through Mama, who believes that heritage should be handed down and implemented in their lives, Maggie who believes that it should be implemented as well, and Dee who believes that heritage should be showcased eke art. Mama Is the mother of two dissimilar daughters, Dee and Maggie. Walker from the get go, portrays Mama sticking to her cultural roots by the way the narrator describes Mama. In Real life I am a large, big-boned woman with rough man- working hands. (103) and from this quote, one can see Mama as a hard worker. This shows the link between her and the first generation African Americans that were put into slave labor. By Walker using the words man-working hands can be linked to hands of the slave workers In the late seventeen hundreds and early eighteen hundreds. When working with wooden scythe, It was very common for calluses to develop on a workers hand. Being that Mama is portrayed to being a hands on worker, she stays true to her heritage when Walker describes Mama with those man- working hands.Another way Mama is seen incorporating her heritage into her daily life is through work ethics. In the first paragraph of Everyday Use Mama is outdoors, sweeping clean her yard, which also served as the narrator mentions, an extended loving room. It Is clearly shown that Mama still applies her African inserted into the topic. When relating to African heritage, hunting has been a big art of ancient African heritage, even dating back to the tribal days. The narrator does a great Job in connecting the ancient African heritage, to the present day with Mama.The narrator draws the link when she describes Mama being able to, l can eat pork liver cooked over the open fire in minutes after it comes steaming from the hog. One winter I knocked a bull calf straight in the brain between the eyes with a sledge hammer and had the meat hung up to chill before nightfall. (103). The narrator is able to draw a clear image of Mama going back into her heritage. Mama sakes a clear belief on what heritage is and means, when both Dee and Maggie, the daughters, want to keep the quilts. Mama promises Maggie that she can have the quilts when she gets married to John Thomas. Maggie wants to be able to use the quilts, Just like Mama believes. Mama makes the clear when she says, l reckon she would. God knows I been shavings enough with nobody using them (108) Mama believes that heritage should be used and appreciated. Walkers character, Mama, seems to have a strong role in Everyday Use. Through out the short story, she is shown to represent African heritage itself.One can even argue that Mama is the mother land of her familys heritage. Mama holds true to her African heritage. She works like the Africans worked during slave labor and shes able to hunt her food and cook it. Along with Mamas hold on heritage, Maggie also holds true to her African heritage. Maggie shares the same beliefs as Mama does through out Everyday Use. A characteristic that Africans expressed during the late eighteen hundreds is humbleness. As history allows us to remember, slaves were not able to talk back to their owners.Maggie shows the same characteristic a few times in Walkers short Tory. The narrator first introduces this characteristic when Maggie is being described as to being, perhaps a dog run over by some careless rich peritonitis is the way my Maggie walks. She has always been like this, chin down on chest, eyes on ground feet in shuffles (104). The way the narrator presents the character, one can already see that she is a humble child. Maggie shows even more similarity later on in the short story when both Maggie and Dee want to keep the quilt.Maggie wants to keep the quilts, but seeing that her sister wants them more, she goes back to her mumble roots when she tells Mama, She [Dee] can have them, Mama. I can Member Grandma Dee without the quilts (108) Walker shows that Maggie fully understands her heritage. Maggie is able remember her heritage without any symbols or objects; this shows that Maggie and Mama are both able to remember and preserve the heritage either with or without any objects. With Mama and Maggie both sharing the same beliefs on heritage, Dee shows that have a different view on what heritage is and how it should be expressed.Dee is very different then both Maggie and Mama when it comes to heritage. Unlike Mama, who wears simple clothing like overalls, Dee is first introduced wearing a flashy yellow dress with big sunglasses that hid everything above the tip of her nose and her chin (109). Dee believes that her heritage should be used to be an incentive towards her upcoming success. The narrator shows Dee doing this when she gets home, Out she peeks next with a Polishers never takes the picture edge of the yard she snaps it and me [Mama] and Maggie and the house. (104) Dee is trying to use her heritage, to show how her background is, and her upbringing was cough when living in the condition she had to grow up in. Believing that Dee should do more to express her heritage; she decides to changer her name to Hangers Leaning Joanne. When asked why she did this by Mama, Dee replies with, l couldnt bear it any longer, being named after the people that oppress me. (106). Thinking that this will bring her closer towards her heritage, she forgets the name Dee has been part of her family, being able to date it back to their great grandmother.The major difference between the appreciations of heritage arises hen both Maggie and Dee want the quilts. When Dee asked to have the old quilts, Mama offered her to take the others. Dee replies with, No, I dont want those. They are stitched around the borders by machine. (108) thinking that the machine stitch will not make the quilts look as authentic as would the hand stitched ones. Dee believes that heritage should be showcased as if they are art work. Dee does not seem to understand that heritage should be used and be passed down to the next generation, like Maggie and Mama do. The two opposite views between Mama andMaggie, and Dee, on heritage shows that it is plausible that both are expressing heritage, rather the quilts are being used or hung, both are accepting and expressing their heritage. Mama and Maggie hold on to the heritage and live it almost like their ancestors did. Dee holds on to heritage, but wants to convey her heritage in a way that people of her kind and other ethnicities can admire and see how her heritage has evolved. Rather you use objects that signify your heritage, or express is as art, you still stay true to root of tradition, tradition which means to hand down or to hand over.

Eliot Ness essays

Eliot Ness essays April 19th, 1903, Elliot Ness, was born. Peter and Emma Ness a middle class Norwegian family were living in Chicago. Eliot was the youngest of five children. Mr. Ness had Eliot help him out with his wholesale bakery business when he was younger. Later on Eliot became interested in law when his brother-in-law, Alexander, who was an agent for the Justice Department taught him how to shoot a gun. Eliot then attended the University of Chicago where he got his degree in business and law. Upon graduation he choose to become a retail credit investigator while at night he went back to the university to take classes on criminology. By 1927, after a year of night school, Ness got a job with the treasury department in Chicago. Shortly after Ness got his huge break. U.S. District Attorney, George E. Johnson, had the job of closing down Capones bootlegging operations and prosecuting him for thousands of Volstead infractions. Finding honest men amongst the corruption Prohibition Bureau was no easy task for Mr. Johnson. Ness was one of the very few agents who had earned a reputation for reliability and honesty. Through the recommendations of his brother-in-law, who was an elite law enforcement officer, Eliot was tasked with assembling and leading the team to go after Capones breweries and hard liquor operations. During this time Ness found nine other honest men to help him fight crime and not accept bribery. Ness and his nine man team of dedicated unbribable agents where named the untouchables. With all his men assembled it was raid time. Ness was still only a rookie to raids but had a good idea what he needed to happen. On his first raid he went to the front door of the breweries and had to shoot out the lock on a wooden door then break through a steel door. When they got inside it was a huge room, reeking of beer, with two trucks half loaded with barrels. The only problem is that there was...

Genocide War between the Hutu and Tutsi people of Rwanda Essay

Genocide War between the Hutu and Tutsi people of Rwanda - Essay Example Causes of the genocide Though the Rwandan genocide occurred in the year 1994, its causes were wide spread into the country’s deep history that can be traced to independence period. Both sociological and psychological factors, as a result, accumulated to erupt into the horrific tribal based killings. One of the major sociological factors into the genocide was racial difference between the two communities. Though experts argue that the killings were not ethnically initiated, the genocide involved two ethic groups against each other. The difference between the two communities that identifies superiority complex among the Hutus played a major role. The enjoyed peace that the country had for about five decades prior to the genocide explains this. The country for example enjoyed peace and security in the ‘five-decade’ period while under the rule of the Hutus. A move to shift power from the community was the immediate cause of the killings. As a result, it is understanda ble that power struggle that was racially based led to the genocide. The powerful elites from the Hutu community could not accept a shift of power from their community and mobilize the Hutus into the killings (Stone, p. 31- 33). Another sociological factor into the genocide was the ‘long-term’ displacement of people from their ancestral land. Also viewed as an immediate cause of the genocide was the move by displaced people, who had in the past been forced to flee to other countries, to mobilize themselves into rebel forces with the aim of reclaiming their land. The rebel movement, that was seen as a threat to the Hutus power then triggered mobilization of the Hutus community by their elites. This is because the rebels were majorly associated with the Tutsi community. The two communities had however coexisted peacefully and a large number of Hutus undertook the killings for fear of being attacked by their fellow Hutus. The organization into the Hutus attacks on the Tuts is particularly spread the message that even Hutus who sympathized or aided Tutsis would be killed. The Hutus, as an ethnic group was therefore forced into the killings. Superiority complex among the Hutus was another factor towards into the killings. Even in the absence of manifested inter racial hatred, the Hutus traditionally perceived the Tutsis to be inferior and degraded. This explains why the Hutu elites could not tolerate a power shift to the Tutsis (stone, p. 31- 33). Psychological factors into the genocide on the other hand included fear among the Hutus elites. While the elites feared power shift to the rebel group, the organizers threatened the Hutus community into participation (Stone, p. 38- 40). David however identifies a mental seed, planted by the colonialist, as having played a role in psychological differences between the two communities into the final conflict (David, n.p.). Timing of the genocide The Rwandan genocide took place in the year 1994. It started in the month of April and ended in July. Clark explains that the genocide took about 100 days (p. 12). Acknowledgement of the genocide The international community, individually as nations and collectively through the United Nations, recognized the Rwandan genocide. National leaders for example recognized the event and their failure to prevent it. The United Nation’s move to establish an international court was also an indication the international c

The Marketing Plan (optional company your pick) Research Paper

The Marketing Plan (optional company your pick) - Research Paper Example 1- 6). McDonalds primarily targets children and young adults for its products. This as a result identifies three major categories of the company’s audience. The first category is parents who take their children to restaurants. Another category consists of grown up children and youths who visit the stores on their own. Adults on tight work arrangements also form part of the company’s target population (McDonalds, p. 3). McDonalds’ pricing strategy is based on continuous research that identifies customers’ perceived value of its products. The company, as a result, builds its image and develops loyalty and utility among its customers. This is then used to determine prices at which customers are willing to pay for the products. Though the food industry is competitive, the company does not adopt pure price reduction because of it has marketing disadvantages (McDonalds, p. 5). The company is majorly a retail enterprise and focuses its distribution channels to its outlets. Strategic location of its outlets is therefore the main element of its product distribution (McDonalds, p. 1). McDonalds adopts a diversified approach to promoting its products. Its promotional initiatives include advertisements, â€Å"sales promotions, point of sales display, merchandising, direct mail, telemarketing and loyalty schemes† among others (McDonalds, p. 5). Advertising also employs different media forms that include print media in posters and magazines, audio media such as radio stations, and audiovisual media (McDonalds, p. 5). McDonalds major marketing strengths include its brand imaging and research based marketing strategies. Its major weakness is lack of innovation that leads to monotony in its product mix (McDonalds, p. 3). Wallace and Forte explains that a good market plan is economical, precise, â€Å"simple and easily understood, informative and customer oriented†

Can Lebanon have peace if they started a Truth and Reconciliation Essay

Can Lebanon have peace if they started a Truth and Reconciliation Committee like South Africa - Essay Example The Maronite Christian and Muslim communities have fighting for equitable sectarian political power sharing among them. This paper discusses if there can be peace in Lebanon when a Truth and Reconciliation Committee (TRC) is established just like in the case of South Africa. Truly, it is extremely difficult to distinguish victims from the offenders during a civil war. There have been many attempts to bring peace in the Lebanese community but these peace talks ignore the underlying causes of the conflict such as the political, social and confessional cleavages. Arguably, reparative justice can effectively address the assumed disagreement between justice, peace and reconciliation. Reparative justice is built on various elements including, active participation of the offender and victim; exploration of the motives and main causes by the offender and victim; consideration of necessary outcomes for restitution by the offender, victim and the community at large; and reconciliation of the antagonistic groups among others. According to Quinn (11), power sharing and social transformation are very important in the reconciliation process. Arguably, discovering the truth can be done by pardoning main actors thereby creating the feeling of injustice in the society. It can also be done behind the doors so as to avoid disclosure of the witnesses. Even though this process is not inclusive and can be criticized by many people, it is the key to a lasting reconciliation. Special tribunal for Lebanon was established for many reasons including trying those who were suspected of assassinating Lebanese Prime Minister, Hariri and many other people (Moriarty and Eva 147). Notably, traditional tribunal systems would not be effective in Lebanon, as it would promote the existing cleavages instead of conquering them. The Lebanese officials ignored both justice and reconciliation and as a result, justice

What Is The Future Of The European Union?

What Is The Future Of The European Union? The future European Union what should it be? An integrated federal state, a free trade area, something else? Since the first enlargement of the European Community in 1973 northward, which saw the inclusion of the United Kingdom, Ireland and Denmark, the search for an ever closer union has been taking place. When EC recommended on 9th October 2002 that another ten countries should join in 2004, it is believed that the integration of Eastern Europe will push the European Union towards a new level, because it will provide a larger market, which will be the only way for the EU to compete in the new global economy. However, people cannot stop wondering, what the EU should be like in the future, as the new Europe will be highly diverse in all dimensions not only in the field of economics, but also geopolitics, and social conditions, political priorities. In this essay, it will look at the future EU, being a state with liberty, democracy and solidarity. Liberty has two meanings. To start with, in terms of The Single European Act, the chapter on the single market committed the EC to remove all internal barriers by the end of 1992, enabling the free flow of goods, services, capital and people in the member countries. There is little doubt that the internal market will become the prime focus of economic interest and activity over the next few years since it has given the EC a new lease of life. For example, potential microeconomic gains in welfare of some ECU 216 billion have been estimated for the EC, equal to some 5.3 per cent of GDP. A virtuous circle of benefits is expected, especially in the long term, from industrial reorganization, the reaping of economies of scale and through greater innovation. However, the enlarged Community is likely to experience greater internal problems since it now comprised a much less optimal grouping in its memberships. For example, doubts remain about whether sufficient structural funding will be forthcoming for the weakest Southern European economies to enable them to participate fully in EMU. It would appear that only a looser pattern of integration is compatible and suitable for the new Community in the future, particularly if it is to see continuing enlargement. Secondly, liberty requires openness and subsidiarity to be established as fundamental principles. citizens are informed of the remedies available if their rights, including fundamental rights, are not respected. These remedies include courts, ombudsmen and committees on petitions at all levels in the Union. A future Union should be a Union among the peoples of Europe, in which means decisions are taken as openly as possible and as closely as possible to the citizen. European citizens in all Member States want a well-managed European administration that is open, accountable and service-minded. In which means, it need to ensure the establishment of an open, accountable and service-minded administration through a European administrative law. Like a car being serviced and redesigned, but until we have arrived, we dont know what the roads and traffic conditions will be like. Hence, a second important condition for progress towards closer union is that since nobody knows for sure what the enlarged EU will be like, the work of the Convention should not be underestimated. Much of it is inevitably technical and legalistic. But a huge task of simplification is under way which will increase coherence, transparency and comprehensibility of the political and institutional structures of the EU. Complex and incoherent decision-making rules and multiple routes for law-making are all being radically streamlined. But simplification can be politically sensitive. For example, if the vast majority of decisions in future are to be made by majority voting, getting rid of each countrys veto, then the EU may stand a chance of not seizing up, but governments and their publics will have to decide if they are ready for this kind of pooling of so vereignty and joint decision-making. Certainly, increased simplicity and transparency will help the enlarged EU be more democratic and more in touch with the public than the current one. But much more is needed to build a democratic Europe. The European Council of heads of state and the European Commission (which with enlargement will have 25 commissioner) between them share, in effect, the tasks of a European government they share the executive tasks for European policy. Increased democracy must mean these bodies are truly accountable. Currently, the Commission is weakly accountable to the European Parliament. The European Council is accountable to none as a whole though its individual heads of state are accountable separately to their own national parliaments. More political control and oversight is vital. Democracy is also about active participation and debate of the wider public, with real opportunities for access and input. Yet these aspects are also largely being ignored or lacking- the convention is focused on the institutional and legal elements of a new constitution and so risks leaving to one side creative thinking on how to build participative democracy in European politics. It is not enough that a new constitution is simple and accessible that can only be the first step. Thirdly, the new Europe also risks failing to play a strong and progressive role in the world despite the rhetorical commitments of Europes political leaders. The EU of 25 countries and half a billion people may be an economic giant but a political dwarf just at a time when global challenges and uncertainties call more than ever before for a clear European voice. The future of Europe convention is drafting a statement of values and goals for Europes role in the world with welcome emphasis on multilateralism, tackling poverty and discrimination and promoting peace and prosperity. But these good intentions run far ahead of the EUs ability to deliver a single common voice and strategy on the international stage. Countries like Britain and France remain highly reluctant to act together, even when their views converge, wanting their own individual profiles on the global stage. And they are even more reluctant to undertake the in-depth political discussions that would be needed to come to common positions when their views diverge. Europes confusion and multiplicity of views over the Iraq crisis show how far we remain from having a common and coordinated European position whether in the UN or in dialogue with the US. With enlargement, diversity of interests and views in Europe will grow. At the Copenhagen summit this week, the EU will invite 10 new members to join in 2004. This should be a beautiful, historic moment reuniting the European continent and healing the post-war divisions. But it is only the first step in meeting the European and global political challenges that the new Europe must address. If it fails, then this moment will be seen as a turning point that marked the start of the EUs decline and not its new beginning. Therefore, the capacity of the members of the Community to overcome their differences and move towards a common defence and security policy will provide a critical test in the coming years of their commitment to closer union. The prospects for this depend very much on the willingness of a core group among them and in particular France, Germany and Britain to concert policies and action. More than anything else it is the path they take on this set of issues which will determine whether or not a real European Union emerges, for without substantial progress towards a defence union it will remain seriously incomplete. The Convention on the Future of Europe is now drafting a new constitutional treaty that will address many of these problems. But its deliberations are focused on current problems, with too little attention to the new challenges that enlargement will bring such as dealing with poor and potentially unstable countries along its new eastern border. The biggest danger to the timetable for enlargement is the unpreparedness of public opinion across Europe. Half of the EUs population favours enlargement on average, but support varies a lot between countries. That matters because the accession treaty has to be ratified by all the member-states parliaments and the European Parliament, as well as by the 10 candidates parliaments following national referenda. At present, the risk of outright rejection appears small. But acrimonious battles about the EU budget have done nothing to endear enlargement to the public. The EU is about to complete its biggest and most important project of the decade: the re-integration of the former communist countries of Central and Eastern Europe into the European fold. Institutional flaws and money wrangles should not be allowed to divert attention from the significance of this achievement. Moreover, The EUs decision-making frameworks need a thorough overhaul. The most obvious problem posed by enlargement is that of sheer numbers. With 25 voices competing to be heard, a real exchange of views will be next to impossible unless the EU undertakes further reform of the Council of Ministers and the European Commission. But the differences will be more than arithmetical. There will also be qualitative changes as the new members add their own priorities to the EUs agenda. The political balance will change as the new members weigh in on one side of the argument or the other on every issue. For example, Poland will join the UK in opposing tax harmonisation and supporting NATO, but it could be a friend of Spain on increasing the size of the EU budget. The suggestion for realising European Union depend on all members of the EC put their efforts toward this aim, hence the dream for an ever closer union will be achieved.

Clinton Administration Foreign Drug Policy In Colombia :: essays research papers fc

Since the introduction of narcotics in the United States, American society has felt the effects of drug use in all aspects of daily living. As drug use heightened to new levels in the 1980's the Bush Administration chose to declare a "war" on drugs. Never before in our history had crime been combated with war. This war led to the militarization of the United States' tactics for overcoming illegal drug use in the U.S. Instead of choosing to combat drug use by putting greater effort into reducing demand the Bush Administration chose to decrease illegal drug supply. This required reducing drug supplies from Latin America, an area where most of the illegal drugs are produced and trafficked. The Clinton Administration has chosen to maintain the drug "war". The administration has not changed the distribution of funds that are used for combating the drug problem. The drug war has continued to demonstrate limited success, yet militarization has increased along with spending. Since the beginning of the drug "war" Latin American nations have been targeted by the United States. Latin American nations are believed to be the among the major illegal drug producers in the world. Illicit drug cultivation has more than tripled in the last four or five years. Today, Colombia is the world's leading source of cocaine and the leading cultivator of coca, the raw material for cocaine (Reuters). In 1986 Washington passed the International Narcotics Control Act which required foreign countries to cooperate with U.S. efforts in drug-enforcement. The countries could not be "certified" by the U.S. unless they complied with U.S. demands. The executive order given by the President is passed through Congress, where it is negotiated and then ratified. Certification means a continuation of aid from the United States and gains U.S. favor in international financial situations. Most Latin American countries oppose the process but agree to the laws demanded (Casteneda). Colombia is included in the group of nations seeking re-certification every year. In 1996 Colombia did not receive certification, but was given a "vital national interest waiver". In 1997 Colombia again failed to be certified by the U.S. because it was believed that the Colombian government was not doing everything in its power to combat narcotics. The penalties for decertification included the prohibition of more than $1.5 billion in U.S. trade financing and investment guarantees. "Decertification" also means that the U.S. is obliged to vote against multilateral loans for Colombia in international financial institutions.

Pass or Fail Poem Essay

There are many perceptions on the poem Pass/Fail and what it really means. I However, see this poem relating in life in general. There are many quotes in this poem that remind me of the obsticals in life. The way people expect us to fail, and even we dont want to fail it will happen. I like this poem because it is very true and up to date. The tone of this poem mite be very discourging but in my eyes it is also very encourgeing. Some people also relate this poem to test anxiety , I can also relate this to life’s anxiety. There are always obtiscals in life that we face. In this poem it says â€Å"No matter how you succed awake, asleep there is a test waiting to be failed† (1252). Yes this can be realted to school but I see that in life no matter what you do there is always a test that you can either fail or pass. We mite not relize that they are tests but each and eveyday god gives us test that we can either pass or fail. They are almost the same as test in school becaus e if you fail you can be punished for them with bad grades, and in life you can be punished with consequences. The author said † The dream beckons with two dull pencils, but you havent even taken the course†(1252). I can relate this to life because with a dream all you have at first is a dream starteing from sctract not knoowing what can happen. Two dull pencils can relate to this because you do not know what your getting yourself into and the trails that come along the way can be very dull . Of course you dont know what can happen because you havent lived your future and thats a course itself. Many people expect us to fail. â€Å"When you reach for a book it closes its door in your face† (1252). I can relate this to life because everytime you try to do something productive or good , there is always something that will hold you down from doin this. Every time you think you got something right its wrong in somebody elses eyes. â€Å"When you conjugte a verb it is in the wrong language† (1252). I believe that whenever your even holding a conversation with someone they mite think that your grammer is wrong. No matter what you do , basically your wrong in some type of way in anybodys eyes. â€Å"You willl never graduate from this dream of blue books† (1252). Yes this qoute is talking about school , but agian I percieve this as a statement saying that success is not in your path. However this is what other people can say upon you, but its only you who can determine your path.I Iike to think of this poem as a very inspirational poem, because its so discourging it kinda gives you motivation to prove you can pass and succed. Even though we might fail we still learn from our mistakes. I like how in this whole poem the author is very discourging but at the end she says † Turn to the cool side† (1252). So even though there mite be all of these obtisals and faliures awaiting for you thre is still a cool side. She says † You will still smother in all the feathers that have to be learned by heart† (1252). I believe this statement is very true, beacuse no matter what you do or say in someones eyes you are wrong. However , along the road you will learn all about your mistakes along the way ,leading you to know what not to do or say. So whenever you do have an anxiety about a test, trial of life or anything you will always know in the back of your mind you will at least know what not to do or say. I like how she says they will be learned from the heart , beacuse when people do say you fail or your wrong it always hits you in your heart because maybe you tried so hard and you still were told you were wrong. I just love how this whole poem can be percieved. The tone is very discourging but is very true, because in this world you almost have to be perfect and no matter how hrd you try in anything there is always something wrong in what you do. There is always a new test awaiting for you tommrow, it doesnt nessicarly have to be in school it can be in life and that can give you anxiety itself. When you asleep you dont know what test is awaiting for you tommrow. Even though you may think your right your not always going to be perfect in anybodys eyes. Everythime you think your a step ahead life itself brings you ten steps behind, always giving you something to work for . The road itself in life can be very hard and dull , but either way you look at it your either passing or failing. Which should always give you the motivation to pass because of the many faliures and embarrasements in the past that have been learned from your heart.

Efficient Energy Transportation essay

Efficient Energy Transportation essay Efficient Energy Transportation essay Efficient Energy Transportation essayToday, the environment pollution is one of the major challenges to the world and well-developed nations, such as the US, confront the problem of the consistent deterioration of the environmental situation. In this regard, the transportation system is one of the major contributors to the deterioration of the environmental situation because vehicles are the major contributors to greenhouse gas emissions. Therefore, transportation is one of the major sources of the environment pollution. Hence, energy efficient transportation is the major way to decrease the environment pollution and the reduction of the fuel consumption can help to reduce the environment pollution. However, the improvement of the environmental situation involves not only technological changes but also the change of the transportation culture. In actuality, the US is still facing the problem of the poor fuel efficiency because of the traditional American transportation culture and th e reduction of the fuel consumption can be achieved through the change of the transportation culture in the US along with legislative changes that will stimulate consumers and car manufacturing companies to purchase and manufacture fuel efficient vehicles respectively.At the moment, transportation contributes to over a quarter of energy consumption in the US. At the same time, transportation is one of the major sources of greenhouse gas emissions that are the major source of pollution of air and environment. Fossil fuels used as the source of energy to fuel cars cause greenhouse gas emissions, which are the major source of air and environment pollution (Teisl, Rubin, Noblet, 2008). Fuel efficiency can minimize the consumption of fuel. This is why the energy efficient transportation involves the reduction of the fuel consumption.The public grows more and more concerned about the environment pollution because the deterioration of the environmental situation leads to the deterioration of the public health and decline of the quality of life. The change of the public awareness is the result of the deterioration of the environment (Banerjee Solomon 2003). People grow more and more aware of the negative impact of greenhouse gas emissions not only on the environment but also on the health of people. However, this trend is relatively new and cannot overcome the traditional American transportation culture oriented on the use of large cars that are not fuel efficient.In addition, companies manufacturing cars tend to on the fuel efficiency to attract customers, while customers’ main driver to reduce fuel consumption and, therefore, greenhouse gas emissions is the growing price of gas. As a result, consumers prefer buying new cars, which are more fuel efficient than old ones and they prefer car models which are fuel efficient. In such a way, the consumer behavior influences policies conducted by car manufacturing companies. Car manufacturing companies attempt to m atch customers’ expectations. The growing demand of consumers for fuel efficient vehicles encourages car manufacturing companies to shift toward the development of new, fuel efficient cars.At the same time, consumers, who are conscious of the negative impact of car use on the environment, tend to change their behavior preferring bicycles to their cars or using public transport instead of their cars. However, these consumers are quite a few compared to the large mass of consumers, who still use their cars. In fact, the US consumers still prefer to use their cars, instead of public transport or bicycles. Hypothetically, the shift from private cars toward the public transport and bicycles can change consistently the level of greenhouse gas emissions because this will lead to the consistent reduction of using private vehicles and, therefore, to the respective reduction of the fuel consumption that leads to greenhouse gas emissions. However, at the moment, Americans are not ready for the total shift from using private cars to using the public transport or bicycles.On the other hand, more and more consumers prefer car pooling to save their fuel and transportation costs. This trend contributes to the energy efficient transportation because car pooling reduces the number of cars used by consumers on the regular basis since vehicles normally carry five people and car pooling allows five persons to use one car instead of five ones. In actuality, this trend becomes more and more popular in the US because it is efficient financially and allows Americans save their money and their fuel but, at the same time, car pooling saves environment because reduces the number of private cars in use and, therefore, reduces greenhouse gas emissions from private cars.In actuality, there are several factors determining the consumer behavior and influencing their transportation habits. First, economic factors play the major part in changes of the consumer behavior. For example, the economic recession of 2008 contributed to the consistent reduction of car use and overall drop of car sales in the US. The reduction of car sales was the result of the inability of Americans to purchase new cars and their desire to save money.Furthermore, the skyrocketing gas price stimulated consumers either refuse from using their cars and shift to the public transport or bicycles, or change their cars and purchase more fuel efficient cars, on the one hand, and sell their old, less fuel efficient cars instead. In addition, Americans just refused from the frequent use of their cars because they could not afford buying gas at the high price. This is why the overall reduction of car sales and use of cars caused by economic reasons resulted in the overall decline of greenhouse gas emissions caused by the US transportation.Moreover, the economic recession and high gas prices encouraged car manufacturers to focus on the production of fuel efficient cars and introduce hybrid cars, which use alternative fuels along with gas or alternative fuels alone. In fact, car manufacturers responded to the change in the customer behavior (O’Gallachoir, Howley, Cunningham, Bazilian, 2009). The economic background was the major reason for such a shift and car manufacturers just attempted to keep their cars selling. This is why fuel efficient cars were just the marketing tool that could attract customers and make them buying new cars.On the other hand, the economic recovery has contributed to the rise of car sales, wider use of cars, and the overall return of car manufacturers for the production of less fuel efficient, large cars instead of small and more fuel efficient ones. 2013 marked the consistent growth of car sales compared to 2008 that reveals the fact that the improvement of the economic situation contributes to the increase of car use and fuel consumption.Another important factor that contributes to the energy efficient transportation in the US is the transportat ion culture. To put it more precisely, the individual use of private cars is the distinct feature of the US transportation culture (Hensher, 2007). Moreover, Americans are accustomed to use large cars, which are not fuel efficient. For example, Americans tend to use large cars and disregard their fuel efficiency, while Europeans tend to buy small cars, which are suitable for driving in European cities with narrow streets and are more fuel efficient compared to American cars (De Witte, Macharis Mairesse, 2008). Therefore, the American transportation culture tends to disregard fuel efficiency.  In response to the growing public pressure, the US authorities, including the US Department of Energy, attempt to develop policies aiming at the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions along with the reduction of fossil fuel consumption. At the moment, the US authorities focus on the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions and increasing the energy efficiency by means of the introduction of ener gy efficient policies in all industries. In this regard, transportation plays an important part in the reduction of energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions. However, the government focuses on the commercial transport mainly to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. For example, the US government stimulates the reduction of the fuel consumption by commercial vehicles offering recommendations contributing to the higher fuel efficiency along with the Department of Energy regulations that help to minimize the fuel consumption by commercial vehicles.Thus, the US is still the country, where the efficient energy transportation is rather a future opportunity than a part of the present life. In spite of the growing consciousness of Americans of the negative impact of greenhouse gas emissions caused by their cars on their environment and health along with efforts of the government to encourage the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions by transport, Americans still prefer using their private cars, instead of using the public transport or bicycles.

D-Day Essays - Operation Overlord, France, Operation Neptune

D-Day Essays - Operation Overlord, France, Operation Neptune D-Day D-Day is the most well-known, gruesome day in the history of WWII. Out of the five landings, the landing on Omaha Beach was, by far, the worst for the U.S. and The Allies. Paratroopers who had landed the night before came up behind the Germans and aided the U.S. and The Allies. Eventually they pushed through and invaded Hitler?s Europe. Even though D-Day was considered a massacre, the invasion aided the US?s ultimate victory. D-Day happened on June 6, 1944. It was one of the darkest days in the history of World War II, not only for the U.S., but also the Allies. D-Day was the invasion of Hitler controlled Europe, and the beginning of the fall of an empire. It consisted of airborne attacks and assaults on five beaches given the code names, Utah, Gold, Juno, Sword and Omaha. With 35,000 troops and 4,404 bombs weighing tow hundred and fifty pounds each, D-Day was called the worlds largest, greatest planned amphibious attack ever. As for the assaults on the beaches, four of the five went pretty well. The Germans did not put up much of a fight and the troops penetrated Europe quite easily. However, down the coastline, a vicious battle was happening and history was being made. The Germans were putting up much more of a fight and the opposing troops were fighting just to stay alive. But with land mines and heavy fire from German machine guns this was not an easy task. Right when the ramp was lowered on the U.S. boats, troops were shot like dogs. Some jumped over the side looking to swim to shore, but the weight of their gear pulled them to the bottom and they drowned. Those who made it to the beach scrambled for any cover that they could find. (Being shelled and shot at they needed a miracle to save them.) That miracle was troops that came from behind. Even though they had the back-up, 41% of the men on Omaha beach were killed. The night before the assaults there were planes flying low and fast over Europe. They weren?t dropping bombs, they were dropping men. Paratroopers who were to provide back-up for the troops on the beaches were jumping out of the planes and preparing for the next day. Over 2,000 troopers were dropped over various parts of Europe. A paratrooper is basically a soldier who is dropped by parachute into enemy territory. A paratrooper was a walking arsenal. He had everything that he needed to survive. He carried two fragmentation grenades, one smoke grenade, one antitank mine and one antitank Gammon bomb made of plastic explosives. He also had a weapon, either a rifle, carbine, pistol or submachine gun with ammunition. Other gear included a knife, light, razor, spoon, maps, compass, first-aid kit, food, entrenching tool, main and reserve parachutes, gas mask, jump knife, helmet and spare clothing. All of this gear totals up to weighing about 100 pounds, and he jumped with it all on him. Had it not been for these men, the U.S. and Allies probably would have never pushed through at Omaha beach. The troops came up behind the Germans and surprised them, which was a big help to them. By adding to their fighting force the U.S. and the Allies would push through at Omaha into Hitler?s Europe. With the beaches cleared and the men on land the U.S. and the Allies finally had a foothold to win the war and bring Hitler from power. Getting inland was a great victory for the U.S. and the Allies, and the beginning of Hitler?s road to defeat. After many more months of fighting the U.S. and its Allies would have ultimate victory. Hitler committed suicide, and his rein of terror was over. All concentration camps were evacuated and all seized land was returned. Yet if the U.S. and Allies hadn?t pushed through, this process would have been extremely delayed, who knows it may have never happened. D-Day is probably the most well known day in the history of World War II and still burns in the minds of the men who fought on that day. It is a day that should always be remembered. Think about what might have

Nursing Ethics of Patients Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Nursing Ethics of Patients - Case Study Example And lastly, an ethical decision-making model will be discussed keeping in view the given scenario. Ethical theories form the bedrock on which the guiding principles of the nursing profession are based. They are responsible for providing a structural approach to moral reasoning in this profession (Med India, 2011). Most often than not, healthcare professionals are faced with situations that require the employment of such ethical theories for the purpose of moral reasoning so as to conclude the moral value of a judgment under consideration (Registered Nurse Canada, 2009). Example of the employment of such theories includes granting the right to the patients to be able to make their own treatment-related decisions. This term refers to the right of an individual to keep the medical information and records private. The information under its clause can only be trusted to the healthcare professionals dealing with the patient and is not to be made public or even given to someone else without the consent of the patient (Fullbrook, 2007). Even though confidentiality is something that is to be valued and respected, there are situations in which that does not seem like the best thing to do, as is the scenario in the given case. In such cases, it is considered that one establishes a domain of certain reasonable limits. It would somehow restrict the boundary to which the confidentiality principle is to be respected (Wolfe, 1962). However, in cases where the confidentiality aspect endangers the prospective patient, it becomes an ethical dilemma for the healthcare professionals that are then torn between upholding the confidentiality and informing others of the condition for treatment (Corey & Callanan, 1998). Even though confidentiality is a vital practice in the medical profession, just like all the other factors, it is not absolute. (Wynia, 2007).

Business Ethics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 10

Business Ethics - Essay Example Marine Stewardship Council is a nonprofit organization that has dedicated its operations to ensure sustainable fishing (MSC, 1998). Their mission states, that they are focused, contribute towards the health of the oceans and bring about environmental and economic benefit. This paper seeks to discuss the Corporate Social Responsibility undertaken by Walmart and explain the theories by Levy and Kaplans on the same. In addition, the paper will discuss how the initiative has offered opportunities for civil regulation in reference to the Levy and Kaplans framework. MSC was set up in London in 1997. Since MSC was inception, it has experienced rapid growth and focused on its role in promoting sustainable fisheries. The organization is able to counter this through the establishment of concrete criteria and principles for fisheries assessment. To ensure credibility, MSC follows the UNFAO guidelines that govern eco labeling of fish and any products related from the marine capture fisheries. MSC takes the role of an accreditor and facilitator through provision of a framework and guidelines regarding sustainable fishery. Most at times, the organization does not involve itself in the whole physical process of certifying fisheries; they focus on endorsing the list of ASI (Accreditation Services International) for the companies that show capability of engaging in the process. In 2006, Walmart announced the availability of MSC product in their stores. Walmart is one of the largest American multinational retail corporations whose main significance is to help people save money and live better lives within the global context. It came into operation in the early 1960s having been founded by  Douglas McMillon, operates a chain of stores, and warehouses whose main headquarters are in Arkansas. Walmart operates in close to thirty countries all over the world and has various business units  that seek to make a difference in the community.  Moreover, Walmart observes the

Media And South Asian Terrorism Portrayal Research Paper

Media And South Asian Terrorism Portrayal - Research Paper Example This essay declares that many citizens are incapable to resist news reporting about terrorist attacks. As horrifying as they are to watch on TV as well as read about in correspondents and magazines, several still find it almost difficult to ignore. It is hard to recognize why the information is so difficult to ignore. Some allege that individuals are expecting for information since they are afraid of potential attacks and need to be ready; others assert that citizens are watching as well as reading in an attempt to absorb and process the incident; yet others claim the media is deliberately making harmful as well as addictive representations nearly like those perceived in an action film. Whatever the cause, it is significant to understand the impacts on the society that this form of experience can have. Research usually discovers a connection between watching media reporting about terrorist hit sand trauma symptoms. This paper makes a conclusion that the reality that numerous Americans carelessly brush off this allegation exclusive of really comprehending it is one rationale this anger continues. To comprehend it one should go broader into the Muslim understanding. Muslims have a tendency to view contemporary proceedings by means of the lens of an ancient historical account. According to this story, heading back to the Middle periods Christian armies from the Western world have tirelessly hunted to break the clench of Islam on its populace. By holding quickly, Muslims consider, they were capable to thrive as a society, occasionally overriding the West in numerous aspects.

Associate Level Material Essay Example for Free

Associate Level Material Essay Directions: Choose one of the Facts for Consideration sections from Ch. 3 of the text and list the page number for the section you chose. Then, complete the following table. List five threats appropriate to the environment from the section you chose. Rate the risk for each threat from 0 (low) to 10 (high). Then, list five appropriate countermeasures. Once you complete the table, write a brief explanation of the countermeasures for the two threats with the highest risk total, stating how the countermeasure reduces the risk associated with that threat. The inmate escape is very important. If there are extra guards then it will be easy to prevent this from happening, especially since some trips can take up to 48 hours to complete. With all the stopping (two to eight stops on any given trip) and going it would be great to have the countermeasure. When it  comes to inmates taking over the van, I feel as though that is something that can happen even if there are two officers on the van. Inmates are strong and they always have something up their sleeves. So if we were to take the countermeasure and actually have them checked before they get on the van and then handcuffed it makes the ride safer and less threatening.

A Place Of Your Own :: essays papers

A Place Of Your Own Reading chapter 36 of The Malling of America, of William Kowinski, I see a man who does not like how America is progressing in time. He believes that we are heading towards a time when everyone will be preprogrammed to be hard-core consumers and the world is going to be dominated by money. In chapter 36 of his book, he explicitly blames the mall as being the cause and proponent of this change. I agree with Mr. Kowinski’s ideas of the changing world, but I do not agree that the shopping malls are to blame for the changes. The malls purpose is to produce a profit for the investors. If shopping centers were not profitable then it would not be there. Unlike Kowinski’s views of the mall, I see a place where people, especially young adults, congregate in a safe environment. The mall offers working opportunity to young adults. Opportunities where someone with no experience and qualifications can work. I believe it can be quite hard for a young adult to obtain a job where there are many responsibilities and the requirements are experience and knowledge. I disagree with Kowinski’s that the benefits of a job in the mall are overrated. With a job at the mall, young adults learn to set goals. Even thought these goals might be little goals, but the little goals also have many lessons that shape members of our society. Kowinski writes about a young girl who works at an establishment in the food court of some mall. Kowinski underestimates the influence of the perfect curl on top of the ice-cream cones. The girl learns to take pride in what she does. Not the pride in a perfect curl but pride in the fact that she has accomplished a goal that has thought here perfection, alertness. And some of these lessons might help her in the future. The mall also provid es job for young adults who need the paycheck for living and/or education. A study by the International Council of Shopping Centers found that there are many teenagers in shopping malls and the mall is a place where teenagers like to go. The International Council encouraged the teenage presence because ‘the vast majority support the same set of values as does shopping center management.

Gender Strategies Essay

Gender strategies refer to a literary strategy and a manner of analyzing literary works. As a strategy, gender strategies pertain to the infusion of differing gender expectations and roles given a patriarchal social context. Men hold a higher position relative to women. This also extends to hints of feminism with literary works showing the efforts made by women to attain defy the patriarchal system and achieve equal status with men or women characters placed in positions of power. As an analytical tool, gender strategies refer to the differentiation between masculine and feminine character traits. The differences in the perspectives of men and women develop with the influence of culture. This also considers the way that the image of women in the literary work captures the difficulties in living in a patriarchal society and the challenges to attain equality. Another line of analysis is by expanding literary themes beyond the male and female to consider the homosexual perspective represented by literary works. (Meyer, 2002) Gender strategies worked in the play ‘A Midsummer Night’s Dream’ (Shakespeare, 1997). Patriarchal belief and male dominance is one defining theme of the play. Egeus used the law compelling daughters to marry the man chosen by their fathers with refusal punishable by death to force Hermia, his daughter, to marry Demetrius, the man that Egeus wants his daughter to marry. There was also a hint of feminism, with Hermia defying her father and the law by eloping with Lysander. Titania, the queen of the fairies, also holds an equal position with Oberon, the king of fairies by refusing to agree to make her Indian changeling a knight of Oberon. In analyzing the play, the patriarchy experienced by the characters reflects on the Athenian culture that gives men higher status than women do. The male characters, Egeus and Oberon, make the decision and enforce these decisions on the women characters. The women characters, Hermia and even the fairy queen Titania, suffered difficulties in resisting the dominant male characters. References Meyer, M. (2002). The Bedford introduction to literature (6th ed. ). New York: St. Martin’s Press. Shakespeare, W. (1997). A midsummer night’s dream. In G. Blakemore-Evans & J. J. M. Tobin (Eds. ), The riverside Shakespeare (pp. 256-283). Boston: Houghton Mifflin.

Slimaxes or anticlimaxes in Enduring Love Essay

Another climax begins at the end of chapter 21 with a phone call between Jed and Joe â€Å"I’m putting her on, OK? Are you there? Joe? Are you there?† Here McEwan uses juxtaposition of beginning an event within the formal closure of a chapter. The effect of this adds suspense to the novel as a whole as it wills the reader to follow the chain of events. Also, the panicked dialogue of â€Å"Are you there? Joe? Are you there?† heightens the climax by leaving it unresolved. McEwan continually references â€Å"sweat† in chapter 22 showing the physical exertion in each of the characters â€Å"sweat was beading on his forehead† illustrates the tension between Jed, Joe and Clarissa. Each reference to sweat made by McEwan reveals a subtle increase in the volume, beginning with â€Å"beading† ending with â€Å"rolling off Parry†. This is reflective of the tension of the climax as it builds up.Clarissa is given a voice in this chapter which shows how frightened she is but also reveals more about Joe’s character. The novel is told through the narrative perspective of Joe Rose, therefore Clarissa’s dialogue is under his control meaning that Joe is in full control of her voice and is able to dictate how the reader perceives her. Her small voice reveals that Joe sees her in as vulnerable. This portrays to the reader, Clarissa as a victim of both the situation and the narrative, creating sympathy for her within the climax. This is significant becauseit adds an alternate perspective to the novel. The sympathy created here is later emphasised in chapter 23 in which Clarissa finally gets an undistorted voice.McEwan continually uses sense in chapter22 which makes the scene more dramatic adding to the climax and is implies a rush of adrenaline which heightens the senses. The description â€Å"she was still, but ripples of muscle and tendon at the base of her neck suggested that she was coiled† â€Å"I could hear my heart under my shirt† adds to the tension of the chapter which makes this particular climax significant as it creates a vivid image for the reader. Most of McEwan’s description revolves around tension, of the situation, of muscles; this subsequently builds tension within the reader, adding to the anticipation of the climax. As the novel draws to a close,McEwan finally clears the mystery of Jed Parry’s nature. This is significant to the climax as it dramatically changes the reader’sperspective on Jed, and perhaps the entirety of the novel. In Chapter 22, Jed is revealed to be a harmless soul, not at all a treat. All Jed wants is forgiveness from  Joe â€Å"please forgive me, Joe, for what I did yesterday† which in a way acts as an anticlimax as the novel builds Jed up to be a harmful man with a ve ndetta,yet in actuality, all he wants is forgiveness. Joe is insistent on playing the hero, but is portrayed as being petrified of using a gun. Clarissa doesn’t seem to be pleased that Joe wanted to play the hero, nor does she see him as a hero which dulls the poignancy of the climax. Also Joe  seems to be playing the anti-hero and Jed, the anti-terrorist. This is significant to the novel as it is juxtaposed to the stereotypical thriller/romancewhich the novel  partially aims towards.